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- $Unique_ID{BRK04021}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Muscular Dystrophy, Fukuyama Type}
- $Subject{Muscular Dystrophy Fukuyama Type Cerebromuscular Dystrophy Fukuyama
- Type FCMD Fukuyama Disease Micropolygyria With Muscular Dystrophy Muscular
- Dystrophy Congenital With Central Nervous System Involvement Muscular
- Dystrophy Congenital Progressive With Mental Retardation Batten Turner
- Muscular Dystrophy Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1992 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 921:
- Muscular Dystrophy, Fukuyama Type
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Fukuyama Type Muscular
- Dystrophy) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing
- to find the alternate name and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Cerebromuscular Dystrophy, Fukuyama Type
- FCMD
- Fukuyama Disease
- Micropolygyria With Muscular Dystrophy
- Muscular Dystrophy, Congenital With Central Nervous System Involvement
- Muscular Dystrophy, Congenital Progressive With Mental Retardation
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Batten Turner Muscular Dystrophy
- Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The Information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Fukuyama Type Muscular Dystrophy is a rare form of Muscular Dystrophy
- that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Symptoms of this disorder
- begin before the age of nine months and include mental retardation, loss of
- muscle tone or tension and weakness of the muscles. This disorder is
- predominantly found in Japan.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Patients with Fukuyama Type Muscular Dystrophy are floppy at birth and
- usually have problems sucking and swallowing. They have a weak cry and there
- is a loss of muscle tone as well as weakness of the muscles. The joints in
- the knees and elbows may be in a fixed position (contractures) and reflexes
- of the tendons are poor. Few patients with this form of Muscular Dystrophy
- learn to walk.
-
- Mental retardation is found in all patients and some have seizures. A
- sunken chest, and a severe form of grand mal seizures called Status
- Epilepticus has been found in a few patients with Fukuyama Type Muscular
- Dystrophy.
-
- Causes
-
- Fukuyama Type Muscular Dystrophy is inherited as an autosomal recessive
- trait. Human traits, including the classic genetic diseases, are the product
- of the interaction of two genes, one received from the father and one from
- the mother. In recessive disorders, the condition does not appear unless a
- person inherits the same defective gene for the same trait from each parent.
- If one receives one normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will
- be a carrier for the disease, but usually will not show symptoms. The risk
- of transmitting the disease to the children of a couple, both of whom are
- carriers for a recessive disorder, is twenty-five percent. Fifty percent of
- their children will be carriers, but healthy as described above. Twenty-five
- percent of their children will receive both normal genes, one from each
- parent, and will be genetically normal.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Fukuyama Type Muscular Dystrophy affects males slightly more often than
- females. This form of Muscular Dystrophy has been found in Japan almost
- exclusively. In recent years there have been a few Caucasian cases reported
- in the medical literature.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Fukuyama Type
- Muscular Dystrophy. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Batten Turner Muscular Dystrophy is a congenital form of Muscular
- Dystrophy. The precise cause of Batten Turner Muscular Dystrophy is not
- known. However, the disorder may be inherited as an autosomal recessive
- trait. This disorder manifests itself in early childhood and may first
- appear as a floppiness in infancy. This is followed by frequent falling and
- stumbling which is associated with a mild muscular weakness and generalized
- loss of muscle tone (hypotonia). Although walking usually becomes normal
- later in life, there may be a residual handicap in the performance of
- physical activities. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Batten
- Turner Muscular Dystrophy" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is the most rapidly progressive form of
- muscular dystrophy and one of the most common. This muscle-wasting disorder,
- which affects boys almost exclusively, typically has it's onset between the
- ages of two and five and progresses rapidly. For a brief period, between
- ages three and seven, the child's natural growth and development may produce
- a deceptive improvement in this condition. But muscle degeneration
- continues, resulting in weakness that advances rapidly after the age of eight
- or nine. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Duchenne Muscular
- Dystrophy" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Patients with Fukuyama Type Muscular Dystrophy may benefit from physical
- therapy to help prevent joints from becoming fixed.
-
- For patients who have seizures, anti-convulsant drugs such as phenytoin,
- valproic acid, phenobarbitol, clonazepam, ethusuximide, primidone,
- corticotropin, and corticosteroid drugs are all being used to help prevent
- and control seizures. (For more information on seizures choose "Epilepsy" as
- your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Genetic counseling will be of benefit for patients and their families.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- For patients who have Grand Mal Status Epliepticus, the orphan drug
- Fosphentoin is being tested. This experimental drug is manufactured by
- Warner-Lambert Co., 2800 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor., MI, 48105.
-
- Research on birth defects and their causes is ongoing. The National
- Institutes of Health (NIH) is sponsoring the Human Genome Project which is
- aimed at mapping every gene in the human body and learning why they sometimes
- malfunction. It is hoped that this new knowledge will lead to prevention and
- treatment of genetic disorders in the future. The genes that cause several
- types of muscular dystrophy have been identified, and scientists are studying
- ways to replace the proteins manufactured by these genes in the muscles of
- people with muscular dystrophy.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- July 1992. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Fukuyama Type Muscular Dystrophy, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- Muscular Dystrophy Association, National Office
- 3300 E. Sunrise Dr.
- Tucson, AZ 85718
- (602) 529-2000
-
- NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5751
- (800) 352-9424
-
- Muscular Dystrophy Group of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- Nattrass House
- 35 Macaulay Road
- London, England SW4 OQP
- 01-720-8055
-
- Society For Muscular Dystrophy International
- P.O. Box 479
- Bridgewater, Nova Scotia, Canada B4V 2X6
-
- For Genetic Information and Genetic Counseling Referrals:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914)-728-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 9th Ed.: Victor A. McKusick, Editor: Johns
- Hopkins University Press, 1990. P. 1357.
-
- BIRTH DEFECTS ENCYCLOPEDIA, Mary Louise Buyse, M.D., Editor-In-Chief;
- Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1990. P. 1182.
-
-